{"id":2146,"date":"2022-05-31T10:03:46","date_gmt":"2022-05-31T08:03:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tva-international.it\/news\/fuel-costs-scenarios-and-solutions-to-reduce-business-costs\/"},"modified":"2023-09-26T11:21:37","modified_gmt":"2023-09-26T09:21:37","slug":"fuel-costs-scenarios-and-solutions-to-reduce-business-costs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tva-international.it\/en\/news\/fuel-costs-scenarios-and-solutions-to-reduce-business-costs\/","title":{"rendered":"Fuel costs: scenarios and solutions to reduce business costs"},"content":{"rendered":"

Aumento costo carburante: le cause<\/h3>\n

La pandemia da COVID-19 ha generato un arresto della crescita dei prezzi di petrolio e di gas; in quel periodo l\u2019offerta era alta ma la domanda estremamente bassa.<\/strong>
\nLa ripartenza delle attivit\u00e0 produttive post pandemia ha portato ad un aumento della domanda ma con una quantit\u00e0 disponibile di petrolio non in grado di starne al passo.<\/p>\n

Quando la domanda di un bene cresce e l\u2019offerta non riesce a soddisfarla, si genera un aumento del prezzo. Questo \u00e8 quanto sta succedendo con il petrolio, il cui costo negli ultimi anni ha subito una forte impennata; benzina, gasolio e gpl seguono l\u2019andamento delle quotazioni del petrolio.
\nL\u2019aumento del costo carburante impatta in maniera negativa anche sui costi di produzione;<\/strong> ci\u00f2 inevitabilmente si ripercuote sui consumatori, i quali si trovano a dover affrontare un rincaro dei prezzi per una grande variet\u00e0 di prodotti in commercio.<\/p>\n

Costo petrolio e costo carburante: come sono aumentati negli anni<\/h3>\n

Esistono diverse tipologie di petrolio; le principali, utilizzate anche come riferimento dagli investitori di tutto il mondo, sono il Brent estratto nel mare del Nord ed il Wti nel sud degli Stati Uniti.
\nIl Brent europeo da ottobre 2020 ad oggi \u00e8 passato da 41 a 85 dollari al barile; il Wti americano da 39 a 84 dollari nell\u2019ultimo anno. Benzina, gasolio e metano sfiorano i livelli raggiunti nel 2012 (la benzina costava 1,787 euro al litro).<\/p>\n

Oggi la benzina costa il 20% in pi\u00f9 rispetto al 2021, arrivando a superare 1,7 euro al litro; il gasolio \u00e8 aumentato del 21,6%, superando 1,6 euro al litro.<\/strong> Una parte del costo \u00e8 determinato da imposte e accise carburante.<\/a>
\nAnche il metano, a causa dell\u2019aumento delle quotazioni del gas ha avuto un rincaro. Negli ultimi dieci anni non ha superato il prezzo di un euro al chilo, oggi invece \u00e8 il carburante che subisce l\u2019aumento maggiore.<\/p>\n

Produzione petrolio: il ruolo dell\u2019Opec<\/h3>\n

L\u2019Opec+ (Organizzazione dei Paesi esportatori di petrolio pi\u00f9 la Russia) detiene circa il 40% della produzione petrolio a livello mondiale<\/strong> e la maggior parte della capacit\u00e0 inutilizzata, principalmente in Arabia Saudita.
\nIl petrolio \u00e8 una risorsa energetica non rinnovabile,<\/strong> estraibile solo nei luoghi in cui \u00e8 gi\u00e0 presente una riserva. Oltre un terzo dell\u2019energia prodotta, a livello mondiale, deriva dall\u2019uso di petrolio.<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019Ispi (Istituto per gli studi di politica internazionale) ha evidenziato come negli ultimi venti anni l\u2019offerta petrolifera fosse a malapena sufficiente a compensare la domanda; questa situazione ha creato un grande vantaggio per i Paesi produttori. Tra tutti, l\u2019Arabia Saudita, il cui ruolo di swing producer le ha permesso di influenzare i prezzi internazionali, contraendo o incrementando la propria produzione.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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